Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML) is a life-threatening condition that can affect anyone regardless of age, gender, or ethnicity. Early detection and swift treatment are crucial for better recovery and quality of life. September is Global Blood Cancer Awareness Month, concluding with World CML Day on September 22nd, providing a prime opportunity to raise awareness and save lives.
CML is a relatively rare cancer, with an annual incidence of about two cases per 100,000 people. It originates from a genetic mutation in the BCR-ABL gene, causing abnormal cell growth in the bone marrow. CML can progress at different rates and is not limited by age, although it’s more common among older individuals.
“Empowerment begins with awareness. Understanding the signs and symptoms of conditions like CML is crucial. By fostering a culture of awareness, we can pave the path to early diagnosis, transforming uncertainty into knowledge, and fear into proactive action. Together, we hold the key to unlocking better outcomes and brighter futures for those affected,” says Dr Darren Katzman, Head of Medical Affairs at Novartis South Africa.
Early recognition of CML symptoms is crucial for prompt diagnosis and effective management. These symptoms, not exclusive to CML, include unexplained weight loss, fatigue, bone pain, fever, shortness of breath, pale skin, frequent infections, and early satiety.
Seeking a healthcare provider’s evaluation is essential when experiencing these symptoms, as they may signal various health issues beyond CML. Timely diagnosis and intervention are vital for managing CML and improving overall quality of life.
Early detection is key for successful CML management. Identifying the disease early allows prompt intervention, halting abnormal white blood cell growth and preventing progression. Early diagnosis not only enhances treatment outcomes but also minimizes the impact of advanced-stage symptoms, improving overall quality of life.
After diagnosis, inducing remission by restoring a healthier balance of blood-forming cells becomes crucial. Targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is often central. TKIs effectively inhibit the enzyme responsible for abnormal cell growth, offering an efficient, and low-side-effect treatment compared to traditional chemotherapy.
In the maintenance phase, the focus shifts to preserving remission and preventing progression. The goal is to control the disease while minimizing side effects and maintaining the patient’s quality of life. Regular monitoring through blood tests helps assess treatment response and make necessary adjustments.
Balancing disease management with overall well-being is a shared goal. Healthcare providers work with patients to manage side effects, address emotional well-being, and tailor treatment plans. Integrating psychosocial support acknowledges the importance of mental health in achieving a good quality of life.
Support groups, counselling, and resources for coping with the emotional aspects of CML are invaluable. Maintaining a sense of normalcy and engaging in everyday activities are crucial. Encouraging physical activity, a balanced diet, and social interactions contribute to a sense of well-being, empowering patients to lead fulfilling lives despite the challenges.
Compiled by Warren Hawkins
